Symptoms and treatments of hip dysplasia

Symptoms of the disease depend on the age of the animal. In dogs younger than 3 months, it is possible to complete absence of clinical signs, but also such a puppy may show the first signs of unusual walking as a consequence of the hips instability. It is important to understand that some individuals are more resistant than others and not everyone shows the same symptoms. Therefore the observation side can‘t be given an adequate assessment of whether a dog is suffering from this disease or not. Clinical examination placed doubt on this disease, but again not in all individuals. The only way to completely exclude hip dysplasia and to determine what degree is using an X-ray machine. Treatments can be both medical and surgical. Nonsurgical candidates should have a weight reduction, exercise restriction or exercise on hard surfaces, and using of anti-inflammatory drugs or fluid modifiers.

Panosteitis

Panosteitis is a self-limiting disease that primarily occurs young dogs (ages from a few weeks up to two years, sometimes even after that age), medium to large breed dogs. The disease affects the long tubular bones of limbs (ulna, radius, humerus, tibia, and femur) and begins in the alimentary canal. The disease is of unknown etiology, it is not hereditary, but there may be a genetic predisposition. There are various theories of disease and some of them say there is an abnormality in the blood vessels, metabolic diseases, allergic conditions, excessive secretion of female sex hormones and migration of the parasite. Diagnosis can be made by clinical examination and X-ray imaging. Clinical notes can vary in degrees of lameness. The disease "moves" from one foot to the other (more often affects front feet) and can be hidden for a while. The only therapy that can be used is avoiding excessive dietary supplementation in growing dogs and using opioids, corticosteroids, and oral NSAIDs.

BLOAT- Gastric Torsion

Dilatation and torsion (extension and rotation) of the stomach, is a disease that occurs only large breed dogs. The disease usually occurs in dogs between the ages of two and ten years. The real cause of this disease is yet unknown, although there is a genetic predisposition of the dogs. It is suspected that the main problems are in the anatomy and position of organs in the region, as well as the problems in gastric motility affected dogs. Physical activity and dog dieting may be predisposing factors for the occurrence of this disease. First symptoms that the owner can notice the dog suffers from dilatation of the stomach are that the dog suddenly becomes moody, has breathing issues, it is getting upset, looks scared and sad, weak and dejected. Soon the dog can start vomiting and can be noticed the contractions of the abdominal muscles. If the owner does not respond quickly and does not take the dog to the vet, it can die very quickly since the onset of noticeable symptoms. It is very important that the owner describes to the vet all the changes and symptoms that were observed in the dog, and to tell what the dog has eaten, when it had the last meal, whether it was training or it was walking and how its walking behaved. The first step in the treatment of dog suffering from bloat or gastric dilatation is the anti-shock therapy. The dog immediately gets connected to the infusion and the veterinarian decides which medication to apply into anti-shock therapy. The next step is the treatment of reducing the pressure in the stomach. If it is possible, the veterinarian will release gasses from the dog’s stomach.

Abnormalities affecting the Eye:

Entropion is a disorder of the eyelid position in dogs. In this disorder, the edges of the eyelid twist to the eyeball. When eyelid twists, eyelashes, and hair irritate the cornea and that lead to major problems with the eyes of a dog. The causes of this phenomenon can be genetic or neurological nature. Entropion usually occurs in both eyes (at the upper and lower eyelid). Most often it can be seen on the dog from the age of 6 months. Main symptoms that can show your dog has these health issues are eye rubbing, pain, and constant irritation. These symptoms can lead to serious damage to the eyes, reports of secondary diseases of the eye, even loss of vision. When the owner notices these symptoms, the dog should be taken to the vet immediately. The most effective method for treating this problem is surgery.If there is a secondary infection in twisting the eyelid, the vet will apply antibiotic treatment.  Ectropion is also a disorder of the eye, where the lower eyelid rolls down and away from the eye, exposing the inner eyelid tissue.  The treatment for mild ectropion is generally consisted of medical therapy, such as lubricating eye drops and ointments to prevent the cornea and conjunctivae from drying out.

Cherry-eye

The third eyelids have dogs, cats, and even humans. In humans, that’s the tiny white triangle in the corner of the eye, at the root of the nose, which is in the evolutionary process completely stunted. In dogs, it is an important part of the eye and is consisted of cartilage in the form of the letter T, which is on both sides coated with mucous membranes. Problems that occur the third eyelid inflammation, physical damage and falling off the eyelid is known as '' Cherry eye''. Falling off the third eyelid is quite noticeable thanks to its distinctive look. It usually appears as a red ball in the size of a pea, protruding from the eye.  Prolapse of the third eyelid is diagnosed by clinical examination and can be solved surgically. Plastic Surgery removes only part of the third eyelid, which was knocked out, and the rest attaches to lower eyelid. The surgery is quite routinely but it requires expertise by a veterinarian.

Canine Demodicosis

This disease is often caused by D. canis, Demodex injai (a large-bodied mite) and Demodex cornei (a short-bodied mite).

The disease can be challenging to manage because of the length of treatment. It can be localized or generalized and their prognosis and treatments options can vary, because of the form of the disease. The localized form involves up to six focal areas of the body and the generalized form is more serious and involves more than six areas. If the dog’s immune system is sensitive, mites can reproduce quickly, so if you notice your dog has some of these symptoms, it’s the best to take him to the vet.

Epilepsy

Canin epilepsy is an uncontrolled burst of electrical activity in dog's brain and it’s often genetic. There are three types of epilepsy in dogs: reactive, secondary and primary. If the dog has some metabolic issues like low blood sugar, kidney or liver issues, it’s possible that it will have reactive epileptic seizures. The secondary epileptic trauma can be caused by a brain tumor or a stroke, and the last type is yet not enough discovered. Using of antiepileptic drugs can prevent epilepsy because there isn’t a total cure for it.